Windows 10: Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1511 KB3140768

After I installed this update on my laptop, got a problem when starting Windows. On the moment just before selecting user to log in, the OS stays forever on those little points circulating, appearing and disappearing. The only thing I can do is press the famous Ctrl+Alt+Del, that will show me the Windows 10 screen and the corner bottoms, where one of them allows me to restart the computer. The only solution I found for that till now is to reboot on safe mode and uninstall the update.
That problem also happened to two neighbors.
Is there any permanent solution for that?

 

I support a Lenovo Yoga 2 Pro running Windows 10 Pro.

On 3/5, update KB3140743 (also a "Cumulative Update for Windows 10 Version 1511") installed. After the update installed and the system rebooted, the user reported the same symptoms as reported by ygorats, post #59 above -- spinning dots ad infinitum on startup screen. I booted to safe mode, uninstalled the cumulative update. After rebooting normally, I ran the "Show or hide updates" troubleshooter to hide KB3140743 and called it a day.

A few weeks later, and KB3140768 produced the same results.

A bit of research suggests the credential manager service may be involved somehow.

The user of the laptop has only a local account on the laptop (doesn't use a Microsoft account to sign on).
In Options > Accounts > Sign-in options, I see dots continuously flying (left to right) across the top of the settings pane. If I click in the area where I should see settings and hit the spacebar, I see (only) a drop-down with the options "When PC wakes from sleep" and "Never." Checking on another Windows 10 install, I see this drop-down answers the question, "If you've been away, when should Windows require you to sign in again?" But I see no other settings on that pane, such as Password.
In Options > Accounts > Your email and accounts, clicking "Sign in with a Microsoft account instead" makes a new window appear with spinning dots (ad infinitum) and the joke, "Just a moment."

I wonder whether these are somehow related and if there is something to be done so the cumulative update can be installed and have a functioning system.

Ideas/suggestions welcomed. I've already done the sfc /scannow and dism /online /cleanup-image /restorehealth routine. No problems found.