Windows 10: Windows 10 store is grey and doesn't show images (Nothing works!)

That hard disk program shows that nothing is wrong.

Furthermore, I created a new user account but same problem there: Grey tiles/No images when checking the store.. I am almost sure that the problem already existed when I bought the laptop, but I'm not 100% sure because I updated everything at the first days of using it. I've got the creator's update on my system right now, indeed.

Here are screenshots of the update history:

 

Thanks, I'm not sure if that means you had the CU from purchase- if that's all your updates, then it looks as if you did.

You can try this:
Clear and Reset Store Cache in Windows 10 Windows 10 Performance Maintenance Tutorials

As it's under warranty I suggest you take this up with the dealer, if you think this may have been a problem from the start.

As creating a new user showed the same symptom, it's not user account corruption, but an OS issue.

Of course, you can always try this:
1. Create a disk image (system image) of what you have now - Macrium Reflect (free) - needs external storage for your image, say 2x the data you intend to back up.
2. Assuming you have a manufacturer's recovery partition, use that to restore your PC to as bought.
That will let you see if the Store works then.

If it does, you could update Windows and see if the Store is affected. If not, consider what else is running on your PC presently.

3. If you wish, you can restore your PC to its current state using the disk image you created.

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Another angle might be to disable any Asus utilities you have running. Sometimes people have had problems with such things.

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Also contact Asus support.